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+/* ScummVM - Graphic Adventure Engine
+ *
+ * ScummVM is the legal property of its developers, whose names
+ * are too numerous to list here. Please refer to the COPYRIGHT
+ * file distributed with this source distribution.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef COMMON_STRING_H
+#define COMMON_STRING_H
+
+#include "common/scummsys.h"
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+namespace Common {
+
+/**
+ * Simple string class for ScummVM. Provides automatic storage managment,
+ * and overloads several operators in a 'natural' fashion, mimicking
+ * the std::string class. Even provides simple iterators.
+ *
+ * This class tries to avoid allocating lots of small blocks on the heap,
+ * since that is inefficient on several platforms supported by ScummVM.
+ * Instead, small strings are stored 'inside' the string object (i.e. on
+ * the stack, for stack allocated objects), and only for strings exceeding
+ * a certain length do we allocate a buffer on the heap.
+ *
+ * The presence of \0 characters in the string will cause undefined
+ * behavior in some operations.
+ */
+class String {
+public:
+ static const uint32 npos = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+protected:
+ /**
+ * The size of the internal storage. Increasing this means less heap
+ * allocations are needed, at the cost of more stack memory usage,
+ * and of course lots of wasted memory. Empirically, 90% or more of
+ * all String instances are less than 32 chars long. If a platform
+ * is very short on stack space, it would be possible to lower this.
+ * A value of 24 still seems acceptable, though considerably worse,
+ * while 16 seems to be the lowest you want to go... Anything lower
+ * than 8 makes no sense, since that's the size of member _extern
+ * (on 32 bit machines; 12 bytes on systems with 64bit pointers).
+ */
+ static const uint32 _builtinCapacity = 32 - sizeof(uint32) - sizeof(char *);
+
+ /**
+ * Length of the string. Stored to avoid having to call strlen
+ * a lot. Yes, we limit ourselves to strings shorter than 4GB --
+ * on purpose :-).
+ */
+ uint32 _size;
+
+ /**
+ * Pointer to the actual string storage. Either points to _storage,
+ * or to a block allocated on the heap via malloc.
+ */
+ char *_str;
+
+
+ union {
+ /**
+ * Internal string storage.
+ */
+ char _storage[_builtinCapacity];
+ /**
+ * External string storage data -- the refcounter, and the
+ * capacity of the string _str points to.
+ */
+ struct {
+ mutable int *_refCount;
+ uint32 _capacity;
+ } _extern;
+ };
+
+ inline bool isStorageIntern() const {
+ return _str == _storage;
+ }
+
+public:
+ /** Construct a new empty string. */
+ String() : _size(0), _str(_storage) { _storage[0] = 0; }
+
+ /** Construct a new string from the given NULL-terminated C string. */
+ String(const char *str);
+
+ /** Construct a new string containing exactly len characters read from address str. */
+ String(const char *str, uint32 len);
+
+ /** Construct a new string containing the characters between beginP (including) and endP (excluding). */
+ String(const char *beginP, const char *endP);
+
+ /** Construct a copy of the given string. */
+ String(const String &str);
+
+ /** Construct a string consisting of the given character. */
+ explicit String(char c);
+
+ ~String();
+
+ String &operator=(const char *str);
+ String &operator=(const String &str);
+ String &operator=(char c);
+ String &operator+=(const char *str);
+ String &operator+=(const String &str);
+ String &operator+=(char c);
+
+ bool operator==(const String &x) const;
+ bool operator==(const char *x) const;
+ bool operator!=(const String &x) const;
+ bool operator!=(const char *x) const;
+
+ bool operator<(const String &x) const;
+ bool operator<=(const String &x) const;
+ bool operator>(const String &x) const;
+ bool operator>=(const String &x) const;
+
+ bool equals(const String &x) const;
+ bool equalsIgnoreCase(const String &x) const;
+ int compareTo(const String &x) const; // strcmp clone
+ int compareToIgnoreCase(const String &x) const; // stricmp clone
+
+ bool equals(const char *x) const;
+ bool equalsIgnoreCase(const char *x) const;
+ int compareTo(const char *x) const; // strcmp clone
+ int compareToIgnoreCase(const char *x) const; // stricmp clone
+
+ bool hasSuffix(const String &x) const;
+ bool hasSuffix(const char *x) const;
+
+ bool hasPrefix(const String &x) const;
+ bool hasPrefix(const char *x) const;
+
+ bool contains(const String &x) const;
+ bool contains(const char *x) const;
+ bool contains(char x) const;
+
+ inline const char *c_str() const { return _str; }
+ inline uint size() const { return _size; }
+
+ inline bool empty() const { return (_size == 0); }
+ char firstChar() const { return (_size > 0) ? _str[0] : 0; }
+ char lastChar() const { return (_size > 0) ? _str[_size - 1] : 0; }
+
+ char operator[](int idx) const {
+ assert(_str && idx >= 0 && idx < (int)_size);
+ return _str[idx];
+ }
+
+ /** Remove the last character from the string. */
+ void deleteLastChar();
+
+ /** Remove the character at position p from the string. */
+ void deleteChar(uint32 p);
+
+ /** Remove all characters from position p to the p + len. If len = String::npos, removes all characters to the end */
+ void erase(uint32 p, uint32 len = npos);
+
+ /** Set character c at position p, replacing the previous character there. */
+ void setChar(char c, uint32 p);
+
+ /** Insert character c before position p. */
+ void insertChar(char c, uint32 p);
+
+ /** Clears the string, making it empty. */
+ void clear();
+
+ /** Convert all characters in the string to lowercase. */
+ void toLowercase();
+
+ /** Convert all characters in the string to uppercase. */
+ void toUppercase();
+
+ /**
+ * Removes trailing and leading whitespaces. Uses isspace() to decide
+ * what is whitespace and what not.
+ */
+ void trim();
+
+ uint hash() const;
+
+ /**
+ * Print formatted data into a String object. Similar to sprintf,
+ * except that it stores the result in (variably sized) String
+ * instead of a fixed size buffer.
+ */
+ static String format(const char *fmt, ...) GCC_PRINTF(1,2);
+
+ /**
+ * Print formatted data into a String object. Similar to vsprintf,
+ * except that it stores the result in (variably sized) String
+ * instead of a fixed size buffer.
+ */
+ static String vformat(const char *fmt, va_list args);
+
+public:
+ typedef char value_type;
+ /**
+ * Unsigned version of the underlying type. This can be used to cast
+ * individual string characters to bigger integer types without sign
+ * extension happening.
+ */
+ typedef unsigned char unsigned_type;
+ typedef char * iterator;
+ typedef const char * const_iterator;
+
+ iterator begin() {
+ // Since the user could potentially
+ // change the string via the returned
+ // iterator we have to assure we are
+ // pointing to a unique storage.
+ makeUnique();
+
+ return _str;
+ }
+
+ iterator end() {
+ return begin() + size();
+ }
+
+ const_iterator begin() const {
+ return _str;
+ }
+
+ const_iterator end() const {
+ return begin() + size();
+ }
+
+protected:
+ void makeUnique();
+ void ensureCapacity(uint32 new_size, bool keep_old);
+ void incRefCount() const;
+ void decRefCount(int *oldRefCount);
+ void initWithCStr(const char *str, uint32 len);
+};
+
+// Append two strings to form a new (temp) string
+String operator+(const String &x, const String &y);
+
+String operator+(const char *x, const String &y);
+String operator+(const String &x, const char *y);
+
+String operator+(const String &x, char y);
+String operator+(char x, const String &y);
+
+// Some useful additional comparison operators for Strings
+bool operator==(const char *x, const String &y);
+bool operator!=(const char *x, const String &y);
+
+// Utility functions to remove leading and trailing whitespaces
+extern char *ltrim(char *t);
+extern char *rtrim(char *t);
+extern char *trim(char *t);
+
+
+/**
+ * Returns the last component of a given path.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ * /foo/bar.txt would return 'bar.txt'
+ * /foo/bar/ would return 'bar'
+ * /foo/./bar// would return 'bar'
+ *
+ * @param path the path of which we want to know the last component
+ * @param sep character used to separate path components
+ * @return The last component of the path.
+ */
+String lastPathComponent(const String &path, const char sep);
+
+/**
+ * Normalize a given path to a canonical form. In particular:
+ * - trailing separators are removed: /foo/bar/ -> /foo/bar
+ * - double separators (= empty components) are removed: /foo//bar -> /foo/bar
+ * - dot components are removed: /foo/./bar -> /foo/bar
+ *
+ * @todo remove double dot components: /foo/baz/../bar -> /foo/bar
+ *
+ * @param path the path to normalize
+ * @param sep the separator token (usually '/' on Unix-style systems, or '\\' on Windows based stuff)
+ * @return the normalized path
+ */
+String normalizePath(const String &path, const char sep);
+
+
+/**
+ * Simple DOS-style pattern matching function (understands * and ? like used in DOS).
+ * Taken from exult/files/listfiles.cc
+ *
+ * Token meaning:
+ * "*": any character, any amount of times.
+ * "?": any character, only once.
+ * "#": any decimal digit, only once.
+ *
+ * Example strings/patterns:
+ * String: monkey.s01 Pattern: monkey.s?? => true
+ * String: monkey.s101 Pattern: monkey.s?? => false
+ * String: monkey.s99 Pattern: monkey.s?1 => false
+ * String: monkey.s101 Pattern: monkey.s* => true
+ * String: monkey.s99 Pattern: monkey.s*1 => false
+ * String: monkey.s01 Pattern: monkey.s## => true
+ * String: monkey.s01 Pattern: monkey.### => false
+ *
+ * @param str Text to be matched against the given pattern.
+ * @param pat Glob pattern.
+ * @param ignoreCase Whether to ignore the case when doing pattern match
+ * @param pathMode Whether to use path mode, i.e., whether slashes must be matched explicitly.
+ *
+ * @return true if str matches the pattern, false otherwise.
+ */
+bool matchString(const char *str, const char *pat, bool ignoreCase = false, bool pathMode = false);
+
+
+/**
+ * Take a 32 bit value and turn it into a four character string, where each of
+ * the four bytes is turned into one character. Most significant byte is printed
+ * first.
+ */
+String tag2string(uint32 tag);
+
+/**
+ * Copy up to size - 1 characters from src to dst and also zero terminate the
+ * result. Note that src must be a zero terminated string.
+ *
+ * In case size is zero this function just returns the length of the source
+ * string.
+ *
+ * @note This is modeled after OpenBSD's strlcpy. See the manpage here:
+ * http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=strlcpy
+ *
+ * @param dst The destination buffer.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param size The size of the destination buffer.
+ * @return The length of the (non-truncated) result, i.e. strlen(src).
+ */
+size_t strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size);
+
+/**
+ * Append the string src to the string dst. Note that both src and dst must be
+ * zero terminated. The result will be zero terminated. At most
+ * "size - strlen(dst) - 1" bytes will be appended.
+ *
+ * In case the dst string does not contain a zero within the first "size" bytes
+ * the dst string will not be changed and size + strlen(src) is returned.
+ *
+ * @note This is modeled after OpenBSD's strlcat. See the manpage here:
+ * http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=strlcat
+ *
+ * @param dst The string the source string should be appended to.
+ * @param src The source string.
+ * @param size The (total) size of the destination buffer.
+ * @return The length of the (non-truncated) result. That is
+ * strlen(dst) + strlen(src). In case strlen(dst) > size
+ * size + strlen(src) is returned.
+ */
+size_t strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size);
+
+/**
+ * Convenience wrapper for tag2string which "returns" a C string.
+ * Note: It is *NOT* safe to do anything with the return value other than directly
+ * copying or printing it.
+ */
+#define tag2str(x) Common::tag2string(x).c_str()
+
+
+} // End of namespace Common
+
+extern int scumm_stricmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
+extern int scumm_strnicmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, uint n);
+
+#endif