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|
Methods
=======
action_dispatch - Dispatches an action for being handled
Input: si = Hotspot record
bx = ???
add_sequence_delay - Adds in a sequence to be executed after a given delay
of tick procs
Input: bx = Sequence offset
cx = Number of ticks delay
dl = ???
animation_draw - Wrapper for the [add_animation_proc] lookup method for
drawing an animation onto the screen
Input: ax = Animation index in animation table
bx = Frame number
animation_decode - Decodes the data for an animation into compressed nibble
format
Input: bx = Pointer to data: [bx] = animation disk resource id
animation_decode_inner - Handles the decoding of an animation disk resource
Input: dx:si = Start of data following header
es = Output for decoded resource
Output: di = size of decoded data
animation_find_slot - Finds the first free animation slot in memory. If no slots
are free, the returned pointer points to the last slot
Output: di = Returns a pointer to the free slto
animation_load/animation_load_2 - Makes a hotspot 'active' by loading it into
the active hotspot list (aka. the animation list).
Input: load => bx = resource Id
load_2 => si = offset of hotspot record
Seems to load a single animation entry into the runtime
location for animations.
animation_load_entry - Not sure if this method is just for loading animations; it
does some checks, and if passed, then takes the word at offset
9h in the resource and jumps to that location. In calls I've
seen so far, this is 7167h, which then calls animation_load
Input: bx = Resource Id for animation entry
animation_load_entry_2 - Alternate form of the animation load
Input: si = Animation resource
animation_resolve_segment - Resolves the segment at which an animation begins,
taking care of preparing the data for the animation
Input: bx = pointer to animation entry
Output: ax = segment
CF = If set, skip the animation
animation_set_entry - Sets the details for an animation slot entry
Input: ax = Decoded animation segment
bx = Offset of animation record
dl = Colour offset for animation
animation_tick - Every frame calls the defined handler proc for any active
hotspots (ie. that are loaded into the animation list)
animation_unload/animation_unload_2 - Removes a hotspot from the active hotspot
list. Both are almost the same except animation_unload additionally
sets field 0Bh of the hotspot (the offset in the animation list where
a hotspot is loaded) to zero.
char_face_up/char_face_down/char_face_left/char_face_right - Faces the character
represented by a given hotspot in the given direction
Input: si = Hotspot record
di = Animation slot
character_change_room - Changes the current room for a given character
Input: current_hotspot = Character hotspot Id
dx = New room number
cx = New X position
bx = New Y position
character_check_room_change - Checks whether the given character is within the
bounds of a room exit, and if so, handles moving the player to
the new room
Input: si = Character hotspot Id
di = Chracter animation slot
character_face_hotspot - Makes a given character face a given hotspot
Input: di = Character animation slot
si = Hotspot record being used
character_face_hotspot_2 - Makes a given character face a given hotspot
Input: ax = Character Id
bx = Hotspot Id of object being used
character_find_impinging_chars - Scans through the animation list for any
characters whose position is impinging that of the given character
Input: di = Character animation slot
character_pathfind_clear - Checks the pathfinding set flag for the given hotspot,
and if it set (ie. the hotspot has it's covering cells in the
pathfinding layer for the room set), then clears the flag and
clears the accompanying pathfinding cells
Input: ax = Character Id
bx = Destination X
cx = Destination Y
character_pathfind - Handles pathfinding a segment of a walking path to a
given destination
Input: ax = character Id
bx = Dest X Pos
cx = Dest Y Pos
dl = Hotspot[4Ch]
Output: bx = Pointer to list of walking segments that gets built
ax = 1 => end of pathfinding reached, 0 => pathfinding still needed
character_reset_direction - Rounds off the given character's position, and sets
their current frame to the default frame for the character's
current direction
Input: si = Character hotspot record
di = Character animation slot
character_set_random_dest - Chooses a random destination for a given character,
within a rectangle specified in the room data
Input: si = Character hotspot record
di = Character animation slot
bx = Offset to a current action record within the character hotspot
character_start_walking - Starts the character walking towards a given position
Input: si = Character hotspot record
cx = Destination X
dx = Destination Y
character_translate_movements - Translates a set of instructions of movement
instructions into a set of offsets to movement records
(containing frame number sequence and position changes) for each
direction, followed by the number of steps to go in that direction
Input: si = Hotspot offset
dx = Offset to a sequence of source movement data to process,
which consist of a repeating set of number of steps followed
by a direction number. It ends with a step count of 0ffffh
Output: Hotspot[HS_MOVEMENT_SRC_OFFSET] => translated movement data
character_update_frame - Handles updating a character's current frame in a
movement sequence each tick.
Output: ax = 1 => for end of the path finding list (ie. at destination),
0 => Some walking still remaining
character_walking_check - Scans through a list for X/Y proximity for different
hotspots, and if the character is not within proximity, starts
the character walking to it
Input: si = character hotspot record
di = character animation slot,
bx = used object hotspot record
Output: ax => 1 = No movement was required, 0 = Wakling has started
characters_impinging_check - Checks to see if the given character is close enough
to the player
Input: bx = First character hotspot record
si = Second character hotspot record
Output: ax = 1 -> Characters are close together, 0 -> Characters are not
check_for_impinging_characters - Scans through the animation list for any
animations that are impinging the specified character
Input: si = Character hotspot record
Output: ZF = Set => Character found, Clear => No character found
bx = animation slot of found character
check_keypress - Non-blocking method to return the next pending keypress, if any
Output: zero-flag = if set, indicates no key was pending
al = character
clear_layer_rects - Clears the data structure storing the status of each 32x32
rect in each layer of a room
confirm_quit - Displays a dialog asking the user whether they want to quit
Output: ZF = If set, indicates the user wants to quit
copy_rectangle - Copys a 32x32 rectangular area from a source buffer to a
destination buffer
Input: ds:si = Position of rectangle in source screen buffer
es:di = Position to place rectangle in destination screen buffer
Output: dx = If non-zero, indicates that at least one pixel was non-zero
copy_protection_check - Performs the copy protection check. Note that in the
English version of the game supplied by Revolution, this has been cracked.
This is
decode_character - Decodes a character from a compressed bit-stream of text
Input: DL = current bit position for read is set
DS:SI = current byte to read data from
Output: AL = output byte
decode_file_entry - Decodes a file resource, normally a graphics screen
Input: dx = source data segment
es = destination segment (for example, A000h for direct to screen)
Output: es:0 holds decoded data
dx = first segment beyond the end of the decoded data
decode_string - Decodes a string resource from a compressed bit-stream
Input: es:di = output buffer for string
ax = Id for string
decode_string_init - Initialises a source pointer for decoding a compressed
bit-stream string
Input: ax = Id for string
Output: ds:si = address of compressed string
dl = Starting bit position for reading string
decode_and_fade_in_display - Decodes the data for a given screen, and then fades it into
view by using the defined fade in proc for the given video mode
Input: [buffer_segment1] = Loaded entry data
display_dialog - Displays a dialog with a given String Id's text
Input: bx = String resource Id
display_message - Displays a message to the user
ax = messagae index in table of messages
dh = 0=>non fatal error, 1=>fatal error
If a fatal error, function does not return
display_message_dialog - Uses the message segment data to look up the
specific response to an action for a specific character
Input: cx = character Id
??
display_message_dialog_3 - Uses the message segment data to look up the
specific response to an action for a specific character
Input: ax = Message Id. Commonly stored in the sequence field for
hotspot actions, and identified by the high bit being set
si = Character hotspot record
di = Player animation slot
door_close_check - Checks the passed hotspot, which is one half of a doorway,
to make sure there's no character within it, preventing closing
Input: bx = Hotspot offset
Output: al = 1 => Door can close, 0 => Door can't close
draw_dialog_frame - Draws the frame for a dialog in an off-screen buffer
Input: es:di = Destination buffer
bx = Horizontal size of dialog - 16
dx = Vertical size of dialog - 18
flag_covered_cells - Marks any of the 32x32 rectangles making up the screen
that are covered by the given hotspot as being enabled. This
is used for optmisation that extra layers only add for areas
that may need to cover hotspots
Input: di = animation slot
floating_dialog_mouse_check - Checks to see if a floating talk dialog is present,
the text has completed, and the mouse is inside it.
Output: floating_dialog_close_flag: 1=conditions met, 0=not met
al=1, ZF=clear -> conditions not met, al=0, ZF=set -> not met
get_entry_size - Returns the size of the specified resource in paragraphs.
Input: ax = Resource Id
Output: dx = number of paragraphs
get_room_resource_pointer/2 - Gets a pointer to a data block of information for
a given hotspot or room
Input: bx = Id for _pointer, ax = Id for _pointer2
Output: si = pointer to data block
get_room_resource_pointer3/4 - Gets a pointer to the header entry for a given
hotspot or room
Input: bx = Id for _pointer3, ax = Id for _pointer4
Output: si = pointer to header entry
hotspot_action_precheck - Does the common prechecking for hotspot actions,
such as whether the player needs to walk to it or not
Input: ax = Hotspot Id to be used
si = Character hotspot record
di = Character animation slot
Output: al = 3 => Player is starting to walk to hotspot
hotspot_get_action_sequence - Returns a script offset for the given action on
a hotspot
Input: bx = Hotspot record
Output: ax = Sequence offset if found, or 0 otherwise
zf = clear if a sequence offset was found
hotscript_script_execute - Executes a given hotspot's script
Input: si = pointer to hotspot resource
di = pointer to animation slot
hotspot_disable - Disables a hotspot from being highlightable
Input: bx = Hotspot Id
hotspot_enable - Enables a hotspot that was previously disabled
Input: bx = Hotspot Id
hotspots_load - Loads any hotspots registered for the current room into the
animation list, automatically checking to prevent duplicates from
being added.
hotspots_unload - Unloads all hotspots from the animation list that don't have
the special hotspot Id of 0ffffh
increment_action_offset - Moves the current action offset for the given
character to the next record position
Input: si = Character hotspot record
install_palette - Installs a sub-palette of 64 entries from a set of palettes,
each of which is 64*3 bytes long
Input: ax = index of sub-palette in list of sub-palettes
palette_segment = Segment set of palettes was loaded into
is_roomexit_hotspot - Checks whether the given hotspot Id is in the list of
of room exit hotspots
Input: si = Pointer to list of hotspots
ax = 0 if hotspot found, 1 if not
load_pic_with_animation - Loads up a picture that has animation data after it,
as well as the following resource, which contains the animation
line segment offsets and lengths
Input: AX = Id of the resource
menu_create_popmenu - Creates a popup menu in an off-screen buffer
menu_make_selections - Shows a dialog with an arbitrary list of selections.
Returns the selectd item index, or ffffh for no selection made
Input: dx/ax = bitset for actions to display
Output: ax = selected item Id
menu_make_selections_select - Does the actual display of a right-click menu
and make the selection
Output: ax = selected Id
menubar_copy_to_screen - Copies the data from an off-screen buffer onto
the secreen
menubar_clear_menu - Clears the data segment occupied by the menubar
menubar_create_menu - Creates a drop down menu for display
Input: SI = Pointer to data table describing menu
menuitem_show_credits - Shows the game credits
mouse_wait - Goes in a loop of resetting the game palette until a held down
mouse button is released
open_file - opens up a .vga data file (if not already open), validates that
it's file number is correct, and loads the entry table into memory
Input: [file_handle]
open_file2 - sets the default drive to the specified drive and then calls
the open_file method
Input: al=drive number
pathfind_clear_covered_cells - Clears the cells covered by the base of a given
animation from being occupied in the path finding data block. This
prevents characters from walking through each other
Input: di = Animation slot
pathfind_flag_covered_cells - Flags the cells covered by the base of a given
animation as occupied in the path finding data block. This
prevents characters from walking through each other
Input: di = Animation slot
pathfind_get_cell - Returns the byte and bit index for the given animation's
position in the pathfinding data block for the room
Input: di = Animation slot
Output: bx = Byte offset in path finding data block
ax = Bit mask indicating which bit
cx = Number of bits covering the width of the animation
ZF = If set, animation is not onscreen
pathfind_populate_cells - Helper method used by character_pathfind to populate
a decompressed array indicating which areas of a room are walkable
with incrementing numbers emnating from the destination. This is
later used to figure out a walkable path by going from cell to
cell in order of decrementing index to get from source to dest
pathfind_scan_line - Support method for the character_pathfind, and is used to
scan in a given direction
Input: bp = Starting position
bx = Destination position
cx = Number of loops
di = Change amount for each loop
dl = max value for comparison
Output: bx = New destination position
dl = New maximum
pathfind_return_to_sp - Creates a breaking point during processing of the
character_pathfind method such that the next time character_pathfind
is called, it will pick up after the call to pathfind_return_to_sp
pause_for_input - Waits until either a key or a mouse button is pressed
player_inc_inventory_items - Checks if the specified hotspot is the player,
and if so, increments the counter for the number of inventory
items the player currently has
Input: si = Character hotspot record
popmenu_populate_list - Populates the contents of the list used to define
what is displayed in the right-click popup menu
Input: dx:ax = Bitset indicating which actions should be displayed, in
order of their placement in the action list
protection_cycle_characters - Cycles through a single frame in the list of
possible characters in the copy protection check and displays them
on screen.
protection_draw_characters - A wrapper method for drawing both of the
current characters to the screen
Input: ax = frame number for left card animation
bx = frame number for right card animation
random - Returns a pseudo-random number
Output: ax = Random value
read_and_validate_header - Reads in the header of the .vga file and validates
that it's valid
read_bit - Reads in a specified bit from ds:si, and shifts the bit mask one bit
to the right, resetting it back to 80h (and incrementing SI) if the
set bit was 1h
Input: dl = Current bitmask
ds:si = data source
Output: dl = New bitmask position
al = and'ed value from ds:si
ZF = Set if the bit was turned on in the value
SI = If dl was 1h at input, then SI = SI+1 else SI=SI
read_screen - Reads in the specified screen resource, and optionally a palette
if the screen is the first layer to be processed for a given room
Input: ax = Screen Id
read_entry - Outer method for reading an entry - finds and reads in the entry
with the specified Id
Input: ax = Id of entry (bits 15-16 are file # 0 - 3), rest are Id bits
cx:dx = buffer for entry
Output: dx = first segment following end of read in data
read_entry_into_buffer - Another outer method for reading an entry - reads the
specified entry into [buffer_segment]:80h
Input: ax = Id of entry
Output: dx = first segment following end of read in data
read_file_entry - Reads in an entry from the file
Input: es:dx - Output buffer to store data in
bx = File start position in 20h block increments
cx = Size of entry to read in
bp = If bp=1, file size is actually 8000h plus the size in CX
read_into_buffer/read_into_buffer_2 - reads entry into the buffer space, and
then increments the pointer so future reads will be read at a
point beyond the loaded entry
Output: ax = segment of loaded entry
dx = segment following end of loaded entry
read_palette - Reads in the palette from the specified Id resource
Input: ax = Id of entry (which is passed onto read_entry)
read_screen - Reads and decodes a screen into data_segment2. It may also
be taking care of adding in any animations
Input: ax = room/id number
replace_vga_palette - Replaces two sections of the loaded palette with a
preset alternate set: 60 entries starting at palette index #129,
and 8 entries at palette index #220
room_add_animations - Adds the player and any room animations to the off-screen
buffer data_segment2
room_check_cursors - Checks the position of the mouse within the current room
to see whether the cursor needs to change (such as for moving over
a hotspot) or on the menubar area
room_check_hotspots - Compares the mouse position against given hotspot lists?
Input: dx = room number
di = offset of info table
bp = Starting offset number for table
room_check_x_extents - Checks whether a given hotspot's position is within
the clipping x range for the room
Input: si = Hotspot
Output: ax = 0 = Hotspot within valid range, 1 = otherwise
room_exit_get_coordinates - Gets the walking coordinates for the exit from
a given room into a secondary room
Input: ax = Starting room
bx = Destination room
Output: cx = X-coordinate
dx = Y-coordinate
ax =
room_exit_hs_get_pointer - Scans through a list of room exit hotspots that
connect to each other.
Input: ax = Hotspot Id
Output: si = Record Id for room exit hotspot join
bx = 2 or 8, representing whether the hotspot was #1 or #2 in the record
room_exit_play_sound - Plays a sound for a room exit opening or closing if the
player is in the same room
Input: si = Room exit join record
bx = Index of active hotspot in join record
cx = 1 for door closing, 0 for door opening
room_handle_click - Checks to see if the mouse has been clicked, and if so,
handles the various things that can be done, such as closing floating
dialogs, showing the right-click menu, etc.
room_load_layers - Reads in the layers associated with a room
room_show_rightclick_menu - Shows the right-click menu. If the mouse is over a
hotspot, it gives that item's action menu. Otherwise, it gives the
default room Look/Status menu. The method returns when an item is
selected
Output: ????
screen_fade_in - Fades in an already loaded screen, by using the defined fade in
routine in the video methods lookup table
screen_fade_out - Fades out the screen, by using the defined fade out routine
in the video methods lookup table
screen_set_palette - Sets the default game palette, using the defined lookup method
set_upper_vga_palette - Sets the last 16 palette entries of the VGA palette to a
predefined set of colours
sequence_execute - Outer execution method for handling a sequence of script instructions.
Input: ax = Pointer to script set. See tables section for instruction formats
Output: ax = sequence result value
zf = set if the result value is zero
sequence_execute_inner - Inner handling method for script instructions
Input: si = Pointer to script set
show_introduction - Shows the introduction sequence
show_arrow_cursor - Shows the arrow cursor
show_disk_cursor - Shows the disk cursor
show_startup - Shows the starting screens of the game, and then calls the
show_introduction method to show the animated introduction sequence
skorl_knockout - Runs the animation sequence of a Skorl knocking out the player
sleep - Sleeps for a given number of clock cycles (each being 1/18th of a second)
Input: ax = number of cycles [Note: I think it's from the start of the
game or the last time the method was called]
sleep_with_kbd_mouse_break - Pause with breakout by keypress and mouse
Input: ax = timeout in cy cles
Output: carry = breakout occurred
zero = if set, indicates Escape was pressed
sub_107 - Gets a ax (0 or 3) and bx pointer used later in a call to sub_132
to get a sequence offset
Input: ax = Hotspot Id
talk_add_voice_animation - Adds an animation entry of a talk bubble, which
gets displayed above a designated character
Input: di = Hotspot slot
talk_clear_line - Clears the talk line at a specified index. Each talk line
occupies 8 lines
Input: ax = Index of talk line to clear
talk_dialog_init - Initialises a talk dialog for display
Input: si = Name of character speaking
di = Speaking text
data_433 = Character hotspot Id
talk_setup_3 - Sets the necessary flags to display a talk dialog
Input: al = 1 (??? blocking talk dialog [you can't move until it's closed])
cx = Hotspot Id of character talking to
dx = Talk text string Id
si = Hotspot record for character doing talking
talk_toggle_line_highlight - Toggles the highlight on a line being displayed
to allow the user to select a talk option
Input: ax = Index of talk line
toggle_menu_highlight - Toggles the highlighting of a menu name in the
off-screen copy of a menu
Input: DI = X Pixel start position on screen
BX = Width in pixels of area
data_segment2 = segment of off-screen menubar copy
validate_header - Validates the header of the loaded file
ah = bits 6-7 is file number
vga_fade_in - Fades in a given graphic screen by cycling each palette index
from black to the destination RGB value in increments of one
wait_for_video_port - Pauses until the video port indicates that it's ready
to rceeive data
word_wrap_string - Word wraps the passed string to a given maximum width
by
Input: di = Text to process
Lookup Method Table
===================
This is a set of procs lookup list that is set to different methods for EGA
and VGA methods
add_animation_proc - Adds an animation or character frame onto the screen.
Input: es:si = source pixel data location
bx = Offset of data for animation (see tables later for animation format)
copy_screen_proc - Copys a screen from [misc_segment]:0 to the screen. Also sets
up bp:si and dx:bx in preparation for an animation. Coupled with
load_pic_with_animation that loads a resource with animation data
Input: misc_segment - Specifies the segment holding the screen data
Output: bp:si - Address of the first byte following the end of the data
dx:bx - Address of first byte following decoded data segment data
display_character_proc - Copys a specified character to a graphic buffer
Input: al = ASCII character
es:di = Position within screen of character start
bp = segment of font, which starts at the space character (32), and
each character takes up 8 bytes. Each byte represents one line,
with each bit representing whether a pixel is on or off
dh = Colour to create character as
draw_talk_dialog_proc - Draws the frame for a talk dialog
Input: es:di = Buffer to store drawn dialog in
menu_items_proc - Haven't investigated this method yet. It does get used by
the right-click popup menu to display the items
pic_decode_proc - Handles the RLE decoding of a picture onto the screen
Input: dx:bx = Set of copy slice lengths and screen inc amounts in a repeating
sequence. Each value can be 1 non-zero byte, or a zero byte
followed by a two byte length
bp:si = Raw data for transfer to the screen. The data block pointed
to by dx:bx tells how wide each line slice will be
Output: dx:bx = First byte after end of length/inc data
bp:si = First byte after end of transfer data block
read_screen - Reads in a screen with the given Id, decodes it, and also loads
in a palette with the given Id - 1
Input: ax = resource Id of the screen
read_screen_alt - Reads in a screen with the given Id, decodes it, and also
loads in a palette with the given Id - 1
Input: ax = resource Id of the screen
remove_area_proc - Restores the area of screen previously hidden by a menu
Input: di = x start position
bx = width
segment_screen_proc - Segments the screen into 32x32 rectangles, and sets up
an array of incrementing rectangle numbers for rectangles that
have pixels in them
Input: es:di = pointer to decoded screen
bx = buffer to store status of each screen rectangle
cl = layer number (0 to 3) [Note: layer is only used to see if it's
layer 0 background.. for the background all rectangles are
considered "filled in"]
set_palette_proc - Sets the palette to the default palette
show_screen_proc - Responsible for displaying a screen from data_segment2 to the
screen specified in [screen_start_seg]. It uses an array specified
by display_mask to specify 10x6 sets of 32x32 rectangles for whether
to display each rectangle on the screen.
toggle_menu_highlight_proc - Toggles the highlighting of a menu header
Input: DI = X Pixel start position on screen
BX = Width in pixels of area
data_segment2 = segment of off-screen menubar copy
word_wrap_string - Applies carriage returns in-sequence to a passed string to
ensure it fits into a given dialog area
Input:
NPC Script Methods
==================
NPC schedules are set up by having a single ACTION_DISPATCH current action in
the NPC's hotspot record (at offset 63h), with a support record pointer
pointing to the start of a sequence of instructions using action numbers
greater than that of all standard actions. As part of the handling of these
"high number" instructions is an incrementing of the offset for the support
data so that the NPC instructions are handled sequentially.
The table below lists the special methods list. Each entry is represented in
the support data table by a word for the action's value, followed by any
support data as indicated by the method.
Index Method
===== =======
28 npc_set_hotspot5e(uint16 roomNumber, uint16 hs5e)
Sets both the current room number on the hotspot's current action entry,
as well as word offset 5eh in the character's hotspot record
29 npc_unknown_1()
???
30 npc_execute_script_proc(uint16 offset)
Causes the execution of the script at the given offset
31 npc_unknown_2()
Sets the currently unknown words at hs[42h] and hs[44h], and calls a
method to scan for an entry for the hotspot in the hotspot action list
32 npc_set_random_dest()
Sets the character's destination position randomly within the area
rectangle specified for the room
33 npc_walking_check(uint16 hotspotId)
Ensures that the given hotspot is in the same room as the character,
and if so, makes a walking check which starts the character walking if
the hotspot is not within reach proximity
34 npc_set_support_offset(uint16 offsetId)
Sets the offset for support data in the current action. So it can, for
example, reset an NPC back to the start of it's script
35 npc_set_support_offset_conditional(uint16 sequenceOffset, uint16 offsetId)
Executes the given script, and if the return is non-zero, then sets the
current action's support data offset to the given offset. If not, the
support data offset, moves on to the following record
36 npc_dispatch_action(uint16 hotspotId, uint16 offsetId)
Handles the execution of an action, including standard action prechecks
37 npc_unknown_3(uint16 v1, uint16 v2, uint16 v3, uint16 v4)
???
38 npc_unknown_4(uint16 unused, uint16 v)
Sets hs[42h] = v
39 npc_start_talking(uint16 messageId, uint16 destCharId???)
This method, I think, causes the character to say the specified message
to the given destination character
40 npc_jump_to_address(uint16 offset)
Jumps execution to the specified address in the game's code segment
Misc Notes
============
VGA Files
---------
* Entries with a length of 294h are palettes
* At least entry Id #48, #49 are MIDI music with a MThd block
* Entry Id #10, #15 are code blocks for playing music
* Entry Id #50 is a set of sub-palettes.. a sub palette contains palette entries
for the first 64 palette entries (each 3 bytes). This entry contains 5 sub-palettes
VGA File Mapping
================
This isn't complete; just some resource Ids I noted down for future reference:
$0001 - Set of 26 16x16 cursors, each taking up 256 bytes
$0004 - Font set: starting with space character, each character taking 8 bytes
$0005 - Menubar
$000A - Music handler code block
$0010 - Strings resource (compressed - see decode_string & decode_string_init)
$0018 - Revolution title screen
$0019 - Revolution title palette
$001A - Virgin games title screen
$001B - Virgin games title palette
$001C - Lure of the Temptress title screen
$001D - Lure of the Temptress title palette
$001E - Virtual Threatre title screen
$001F - Virtual Threatre title palette
$0021 - Palette for final introduction screen
$0022 - Animation for final screen
$0032 - Another copy of the menubar
$0040 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0041 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0042 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0043 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0044 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0045 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0046 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0047 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0048 - Animation for introduction sequence
$0049 - Animation for introduction sequence
$4100 - First screen, first layer
$7900 - Restart/Restore screen
Data Structure Notes
====================
There are four main lists embedded in the executable, each of which
represents a different range of Ids. Each entry consists of 9 bytes
[see get_room_resource_pointer]. The first two bytes represents an
offset to the specific data for the room.
Resource data:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 Offset for the resource entry - either room or hotspot data
An entry of 0ffffh means the end of the list
2h 2 For the room list, it's the room number, for the hotspot
lists, it's the string Id for the hotspot name
4h 2 For rooms, the string Id for room description, for
hotspots it's the look at description Id
6h 2 Alternate look at description for hotspots. I think
this only comes into player for takable items to give
the description when it hasn't yet been picked up
8h 1 ???
For the room list, the format of the room records pointed to are as below:
Room data:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
6h 2 Offset for a list of offsets to pixel blocks for the
room
8h 1 Number of layers in room
9h 8 List of resource Id's for room. Either equal to number
of layers, or # layers + 1 for rooms with extra overlay
(such as image of cell bars when looking through into cell)
11h 2 Sequence offset for room, or ffffh for none
13h 2 The current tick time counter is stored here when a
room is exited
17h 1 ???
18h 1 Index into table of 8 byte entries starting at ds:2EB1h
19h 2 X start for defining valid horizontal areas where hotspots
can be highlighted
1Bh 2 X end, or 0 to indicate no end
1Dh ?? Start of room change script. See below:
The room data record is ended by zero or more room change records, followed by
an ending ffffh value. The format of each record is as follows:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0 2 X start
2 2 X end
4 2 Y start
6 2 Y end
8 2 Sequence offset. If the value is ffffh, then the following
four fields come into play. Note that this means that
the record can be one of two sizes, dependant on the
value of this field
Ah 1 New room character direction:
80h=up, 40h=down, 20h=left, 10h=right
Bh 1 New room number
Ch 2 New room X position
Eh 2 New room Y position
The format of hotspots are as follows:
Hotspot tables:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 4 Bitset for available actions
3h 1 Flags: Meaning unknown, but the following actions apply:
bit 7 = skip checking bit 6
bit 6 = Skip over entry
bit 5 = Skip over entry
4h 2 Offset for actions table
6h 2 Room number for hotspot. For hotspots that can be
inventory items, this can also be the Hotspot Id of
the character holdign the item.
8h 1 Script flag - a non-zero value indicates that the value
at offset 9h is a script offset to execute. Otherwise,
the offset is treated as a code subroutine, and jumped to
Also used by non-visual hotspots to indicate the direction
to face the character in when an action is performed on
the hotspot
9h 2 Script sequence to execute, or offset for loading
routine for hotspot. So far I'm aware of two code routines:
7167h = stub method that calls animation_load
3afeh = copy protection check
Bh 2 Stores offset of animation slot entry the resouce has
been loaded into
Dh 2 X start position + 80h
Fh 2 Y start position + 80h
11h 2 Width of hotspot
13h 2 Height of hotspot
15h 1 Animation's layer. Animations are added in to a scene in
order of layer 3, layer 1, then layer 2. Animations in
layer 1 are added in order of the hotspot's bottom row
16h 1 ??? Flags byte?
17h 2 Tick handler proc offset
19h 2 Copy of hotspot width
1Bh 2 Copy of hotspot height
1Dh 2 Y correction. Currently only known use is as a Y
correction factor when checking if a character is in
an exit region
1fh 2 Timeout decrement value for frame change
21h 2 Pointer to memory containing disk resource Id for the
pixel data for the hotspot's animation (or possibly
static image)
23h 1 Colour offset start for source pixel data
24h 2 Offset for data in scripts2_seg, used in
hotspot_script_execute. Also seems to be used by
characters (including the player) as a table offset
containing data for movement sequence
26h 2 Step counter - used as in incrementor when a character
is moving in a direction to determine when they have
reached the requisite number of steps required before
moving to the next direction in a path-finding sequence
28h 2 Frame offset - used as a pointer within the movement
frames for a given direction to quickly retrieve the
position change and frame number in a walking sequence -
used along with offset 26h to handling walking
2Ah 1 A counter used to determine the number of times the
action precheck method has been called within the
handling of an action
2Bh 2 ???
2Dh 2 Script Id of a hotspot the character is to use
2Fh 2 Hotspot Id of a hotspot the character is to use
33h 2 ??? Talk data record
35h 1 x offset within character for speech bubble
36h 1 y offset within character for speech bubble
37h 2 ???
39h 2 Stores the hotspot Id of the character being talked to
3Ch 2 Stores the String Id of a response
42h 2 ??? Copy of selected hotspot
44h 1 ??? 0 or 2 for further actions in player_tick_proc
??? Copy of low byte of selected hotspot
45h 2 Hotspot Script Id to execute each tick for NPCs
47h 2 Hotspot Id to use.
49h 1 Flags whether the hotspot has currently got the cells
of the pathfinding (walkable areas) layer that it's
base occupies as covered
4Ch 1 Only known use so far is in character pathfinding, where
if 0, introduces a jz $+2 delay at one point, that is not
even inside of a loop. This flag may thus be an artefact
of early code that was no longer used in the final build
50h 2 Character direction: 80h=up, 40h=down, 20h=left, 10h=right
52h 2 Hotspot Id for selected hotspot
54h 2 X ending position for character + 80h - 10h
56h 2 Y ending position for character + 80h
5Ah 2 For player and other characters indicates the
assigned offset in the data segment to load the
details of movement frames. Note that this gets copied
to offset 24h for use at runtime.
60h 1 ???
61h 2 Index into the table starting at 63h of the hotspot
63h 3*? First slot for pending player actions. Each slot
consists of three bytes: a single byte command Id, and
an offset to a support data record.
Movement sequence
=================
When a character has to move, sub_90 is
Character actions
=================
Character hotspots have a buffer for a set of current actions. Each record
of this list consists of 5 bytes, with the following format:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0 1 Currenat atcion
1 2 Pointer to support data structure
3 2 ?? May be room number action occurs in
The possible commands are listed below:
Command
-------
01 = Start walking
Support data:
word value = 0
02 = Dispatch action*
Support data:
word value = action to perform
word value = hotspot Id of selected hotspot
word value = used hotspot Id
[03] = Room Number
03 = Execute Script
04 = Processing walking path
05 = Walking in progress
* Note that actions (both looking at a hotspot and all other actions) are
handled by doing an initial dispatch of the action, then a standard walk sequence,
and finally dispatching the action again when the player is at the appropriate
proximity to the hotspot
Actions Table
=============
The actions table offset points to a list that indicates any actions for the
hotspot that have script sequences attached to them. The table has the following
format:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0 2 Number of items in the list
--------- repeated:
2 1 Action number
3 2 Sequence offset
---------
Animation Resources
===================
The raw data for animations is stored in disk resources. They have the following
format:
- A single word containing the number of header entries
- A table of words of the previously given number, each representing
the number of nibbles in the uncompressed data (ie. number of bytes * 2).
Note that the pixel data starts at offset 40h of the uncompressed data,
as the first 40h bytes are used by the decompression process.
In addition to the four hotspot lists, there is a master hotspot list, which
contains co-ordinate overrides for some of the hotspots:
Hotspot data:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0 2 Id for hotspot to override
2 2 X start
4 2 X end
6 2 Y start
8 2 Y end
The animation list is made up of a set of animation entry slots, of which there
are 45 entries, each 29h bytes big, and can be loaded dynamically at runtime
from hotspot entries. FURTHER NOTE: Animation list may be a bit of a misnaming
of it - a better name may be "active hotspots" list, since entries in the list
aren't necessarily animated.
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 X start position + 80h
2h 2 Y start position + 80h
4h 2 Width of animation
6h 2 Height of animation
8h 2 Pointer to the start of the current frame for the animation.
Ah 2 Storage for caching of animation start segment. This is
filled out at runtime the first time the animation is to
be displayed at runtime
Ch 1 Animation's layer. Animations are added in to a scene in
order of layer 3, layer 1, then layer 2. Animations in
layer 1 are added in order of the hotspot's bottom row
Dh 1 ??? Flags byte?
Eh 2 Room number for animation
10h 1 ?? Flag for whether to keep animation active between rooms?
Loader defaults it to 1, but loads using 7167h afterwards
sets this back to zero
11h 2 Tick handler proc offset - called every frame for hotspots
loaded into the animation table where [0Ch] is non-zero
13h 2 Copy of the animation width - this and the height copy are
used in some areas to, for example, vary the strict
Y ordering of objects in a scene (for example, Ratpouch
has a larger height copy to make him appear on top of
the rack rather than behind it).
15h 2 Copy of the animation height
17h 2 Y correction. Currently only known use is as a Y
correction factor when checking if a character is in
an exit region
19h 2 Offset of the original resource record used to load this
animation entry.
1Bh 2 Hotspot Id of the entry. Can also be 0ffffh, which seems
to be a special code for the player (don't know yet if
it's used elsewhere as well)
1Dh 1 If non-zero, hotspots in layer 1 will be skipped
1Eh 2 So far it's only known use is to store the hotspot Id
of the character the special 'voice' animation is
associated with
22h 2 Related to direction handling: 0 for up/down,
4 for left/right
24h 2 So far it's only known use is as a countdown timer
for closing the special "voice" animation shown on
top of characters when they're speaking
26h 1 Character direction: 0=up, 1=down, 2=left, 3=right
27h 1 ??? Set to 1 by animation loader 1
28h 1 Colour offset start for source pixel data
4Ah 2 ??? Countdown of some form; changed by the action
countdown list
The animation list is built up at runtime one entry at a time from hotspot
resources specified in an instruction sequence. The first sequence executed is
at 23FCh, and is part of the game startup, and the initial resoruce Id is #3e8,
which equates to 6cefh.
Animation disk resource records
-------------------------------
The animation disk resource record has the following format:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 Disk resoucre Id of the animation pixels to use
2h 1 Flags. Known values:
Bit Description
--- -----------
2 If set, takes the first word of the decoded data
as the frame offset. I think this used elsewhere
as well - this flag may indicate an animation that
contains an offset table for the frames, rather than
the standard form, where all frames are the same size
3h 2 Cached copy of loaded pixel data segment
7h 2 Frame size for decoded animation data
9h 2 Offset for -Y movement records
Bh 2 Offset for +Y movement records
Dh 2 Offset for -X movement records
Fh 2 Offset for +X movement records
11h 1 Starting up direction frame number
12h 1 Starting down direction frame number
13h 1 Starting left direction frame number
14h 1 Starting right direction frame number
A movement record represents data needed for a single frame of a character's
movement. It is represented as a set of 6 byte records of the format listed
below. The end of the set of the set of records is represented by 0ffffh.
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0 2 Frame number to display
2 2 16-bit signed integer representing the change in the
X position
4 2 16-bit signed integer representing the change in the
Y position
W2 description
-- -----------
1 * Store offset from PIXEL+0Dh, then word (W1+3)>>2
2 * Store offset from PIXEL+0Fh, then word (W1+3)>>2
3 * Store offset from PIXEL+0Bh, then word (W1+1)>>1
4 * Store offset from PIXEL+09h, then word (W1+1)>>1
Room Exits
----------
A table of the offsets of the room exit records for each room is stored at
room_exits_table. An offset of zero for a particular room indicates there are
no exits.
The exits for a given room are a series of one or more records of 14 bytes each,
with a word value of 0 following the final entry. The structure of a record is
described below. Note that all co-ordinates are expressed with an offset of 80h.
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 X start of exit area rectangle
2h 2 X end of exit area rectangle
4h 2 Y start of exit area rectangle
6h 2 Y end of exit area rectangle
8h 2 Cursor number to use
Ah 2 Hotspot Id associated with exit. This can be, for example,
2711h for the hotspot Id of the Cell Door in the first room.
For exits which are always unblocked, the Id will be 0.
Ch 2 Destination room number
There is also a table of room exit hotspots. This contains records containing
all room exit hospots, with the table set up with the hotspots that are joined
together (such as either side of the cell door in room #1 and #2) appearing in
the same record. Each record is 17 bytes long, and the format is as follows:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 First hotspot Id of the pair
2h 1 Current frame number for hotspot #1
3h 1 Ending frame number for hotspot #1
4h 1 Sound for hotspot #1 opening
5h 1 Sound for hotspot #1 closing
6h 2 Second hotspot Id of the pair
8h 1 Current frame number for hotspot #2
9h 1 Ending frame number for hotspot #1
Ah 1 Sound for hotspot #1 opening
Bh 1 Sound for hotspot #2 closing
Ch 1 If zero, then exit is currently active. Non-zero
indicates that the exit is blocked
Dh 2 Pointer to first hotspot's record
Fh 2 Pointer to second hotspot's record
Sequence Table
==============
Lure of the Temptress uses a simple scripting set for performing various operations.
A set of instructions consist of a starting byte that contains the 'opcode' number
in bits 1 to 7, whilst bit 0, if set, indicates whether the following two bytes
should be loaded into dx (used as a general purpose register).
Note that logical operations treat 0 as true, and 1 as false as far as the
interpreter is concerned for calls to conditional jumps after a logical test.
Because of this non-typical logical state representation, I'm still in the
process of validating that all the test opcodes are correct.
The following commands are available (the values represent the value in bits 1-7):
Opcode Description
------ -----------
00h Restore SP - Restores SP to what it was when the sequence started
(ie. useful for breaking out of any subsequences that were being executed)
01h Add - Pops two values off the stack, adds them, and pushes the result
02h Subtract - Pops two values off the stack, subtracts the most recently
pushed value from the second most recent value, and then pushes
the result back onto the stack
03h Multiply - Pops two values off the stack, multiplies them, and pushes
the result back onto the stack. Any overflow is also stored in DX
04h Divide - Pops two values off the stack and divides the second most
recently pushed value by the most recent value, and pushes the
result back on the stack. DX stores any remainder
05h Not equals - Pops two values off the stack, and if they're not equal
pushes 0 back onto the stack. If equal, pushes 1
06h Equals - Pops two values off the stack, and if they're equal pushes
0 back onto the stack. If not equal, pushes 1
07h Greater - Checks to see if the most recently pushed value is greater
than the second most recent pushed value, and if so pops both of
them off the stack and pushes a 1 back onto the stack
08h Smaller - Checks to see if the most recently pushed value is less
than the second most recent pushed value, and if so pops both of
them off the stack and pushes a 1 back onto the stack
09h Smaller2 - Identical to Smaller, but uses 'Js' check instead of 'Jc'
0Ah Greater2 - Identical to Greater, but uses 'Js' check instead of 'Jc'
0Bh And - Pops two values off the stack, ANDs them, and pushes the result
0Ch Or - Pops two values off the stack, ORs them, and pushes the result
0Dh Logical And - Pops the two top values off the stack, and pushes back
1 if both of them are non-zero, otherwise 0
0Eh Logical Or - Pops the two top values off the stack, and pushes back
1 if either of them are non-zero, otherwise 0
0Fh Get Field - Gets a field within the data segment. DX specifies field
offset from the room_number_2 field, and the value is
pushed onto the stack
10h Set Field - Sets a field within the data segment. DX specifies field
offset from the room_number_2 field, and the top value
on the stack is popped to set the field value
11h Push value - Pushes the value of DX onto the stack
12h Subroutine - Treats the value in DX as a pointer to a subroutine of
sequence instructions. The subroutine is processed, and when done,
the outer sequence resumes execution again.
13h Call Method - Calls a method number DX in the sequence method list.
If there any any values on the stack, they get popped
into bx, cx, and dx respectively.
14h Sequence end - ends the script sequence
15h Conditional Jump - Pops the top value off the stack, and if it's
zero, adds the value in DX to the current sequence instructor pointer.
Note that DX is 16-bit signed, allowing for both negative and
postivie jumps
16h Jump - Adds the value in DX to the current sequence instructor pointer.
Note that DX is 16-bit signed, allowing for both negative and
postivie jumps
17h Restore SP - Restores SP to what it was when the sequence started
18h Restore SP - Restores SP to what it was when the sequence started
19h Random - Places a random number between 0 to 255 in DX
Method List
-----------
The Call Method opcode (13h) can call methods, popping up to three values from
the stack if available, storing them in bx, cx, and dx respectively.
Sequence Delay Table
--------------------
The sequence_delay_table has 40 slots of 7 bytes each that can contain a
sequence that shouldn't be exceed until a ceratin time has been exceeded.
Each slot consists of the following data:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
2 4 Timer counter value at which point sequence should be
executed. When an entry is initially added to the list,
the delay amount is added to the current timer value
4 2 Sequence offset to execute
6 1 ???
Hotspot Scripts
===============
Sub_37 is a handler method called by the tick handler code for many animations.
The word at offset 24h of a hotspot entry specifies an offset into seg_c of the
executable. Starting at the given offset in the segment, data is read in one
word at a time.
Value Description
----- -----------
fff6h Set bitset actions based on next 2 words
fff7h Reads bx=next word, then calls sub_258
fff8h Reads bx=next word, cx=next word. If cx is either 0 or equal to the
current room number, then calls sub_247
fff9h Sets the pixel data record for the hotspot
fffah Jump to executing the sequence at the offset given by the following word
fffbh Sets the dimensions of the animation. The next word is shifted left
by 4 bits and stored as the width. The following word is stored as
the height (both values are only set in the animation slot)
fffch Ends the execution and deactivates the animation
fffdh
fffeh Sets the start position of the hotspot - the next following word
specifies the X start, and the one after that is the Y start
ffffh Reads in the next word and sets the timeout counter of the hotspot.
The offset 24h entry of the hotspot is also updated to point to the
next following word
others Set animation frame. If the animation disk resource flags byte has
bit 2 clear, the frame is calculated by multiplying the opcode word's
value by the frame size (at offset 7 of the pixel resource record).
If bit 2 is set, the frame is set by getting the offset from the
decoded data's offset table. In either case, once the offset is set,
execution of the script stops.
Room List
=========
1 = THE CELL
2 = THE OUTER CELL
3 = THE GUARD ROOM
4 = THE TORTURE ROOM
7 = THE SEWER OUTLET
8 = Alley
9 = CASTLE GATE
10 = APOTHECARY LANE
11 = Alley
12 = MAPIE COURTYARD
13 = CASTLE WALL
14 = MIDDLE STREET
15 = WEREGATE
17 = WEST STREET
18 = SMITHY STREET
19 = THE MARKET PLACE
20 = BLACKFRIARS ROW
21 = Alley
22 = Alley
23 = Alley
24 = Alley
25 = Alley
27 = Alley
28 = THE FORGE
29 = THE SEVERED ARMS
30 = TAIDGH'S HOUSE
31 = THE TOWN HALL
32 = MAGPIE TAVERN
34 = APOTHECARY WORKSHOP
35 = THE VILLAGE SHOP
36 = MONK'S LODGE
38 = Cave
39 = Cave
40 = Cave
41 = Cavern
42 = ?
43 = ?
44 = ?
45 = ?
46 = ?
47 = ?
48 = ?
3081 = Cave
393Ch - loading character movement list
---------------------------------------
30h, 1, 0, 6feh, a18h, 0
Handling:
If next word (W1) is 0, end decoding. Otherwise, read following word (W2)
and handle as per table below (PIXEL represents the pixel data record):
Talking records
===============
A character can specify a current talking record at offset 33h of it's hotspot
record. If the field is empty, then the main talk list talk_table is used to
get the starting talking record for a given character. The table consists of
a series of four byte entries: the first word gives the hotspot Id, the second
gives the offset of the talking record list for that character.
The actual talking record contains a set of further offsets for talking records;
the current value of talk_record_index specifies which entry is loaded. There
is also a check to see if the hotspot name of the character being talked to is
17Ah "Stranger", in which case the first entry in the list is used.
The talk data record set pointed to by the above offset has the following
format:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 Offset for a list of sequence Ids for handling results
----- following is a set of 6 byte records for talk lines -----
0h 2 Precheck sequence offset - and with 3fffh to get actual
offset - if the result of execution is 0, then the talk
entry isn't added to the list.
High bit of word, if set, will cause the looping of
talk entry lines to end after processing the record.
Additionally, a value of 0ffffh ends the set of records
2h 2 String resource for talk question, anded with 0x3fffh.
The two high bits are flags described in the next entry
3h 1 Flags - If both bit 7 and bit 6 are set, then the
entry is skipped
4h 2 Post sequence offset - when the high bit is set, the
sequence number in the remaining bits is executed, and
the result number used as a lookup (discussed below).
Otherwise, the value is directly used as a lookup index
Once an entry has been clicked on, the result index (either from running the
post sequence Id or directly from the field value itself) is used as an index
into the results. The results structure is a set of 6 byte entries with the
following structure:
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 Pre sequence offset - If it is non-zero, then the sequence
is executed. If the result is not the special value 1092h,
then the result is treated as a new response index,
which is used instead of the current one
2h 2 Response String Id - specifies the response spoken by
the character to the player
4h 2 Post sequence offset - A value of 0ffffh indicates the
conversation is ended. If the high bit is set, then
the conversation continues. Otherwise, the given script
offset is executed, and the conversation ended if the
result is 0ffffh.
The remaining bits can specify a starting offset in the
talk entry list to start from next time.
Hotspot Action List
-------------------
The hotspot action list provides a list of hotspots in a "countdown" state..
every cycle a countdown variable is decremented for each hotspot entry in
the list, and is used to set offset 4Ah of a given hotspot record. When a
countdown counter reaches zero, the entry is removed from the list.
I currently know that it's got something to do with talking to characters,
but I haven't yet figured out what precisely word 4Ah of a hotspot record
controls.
Offset Size Meaning
------ ---- -------
0h 2 Hotspot Id of the source talker
2h 2 Hotspot Id of the destination talker
4h 2 Countdown counter
6h 2 Hotspot record offset for destination talker
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